Jan 2, 2024 · Pimsleur, on the other hand, offers just two options: the Pimsleur Premium plan, which costs $20 per month and includes one language, or for $1 more per month, you can upgrade to the Pimsleur All Access plan, which includes all Pimsleur languages. So from an overall cost perspective, it’s pretty clear Rosetta Stone is the winner. Pimsleur offers two different subscription options: (1) the Pimsleur Premium plan, which costs $20 per month and includes access to one language course; and (2) the Pimsleur All Access plan, which costs …11 Comments / December 24, 2023. Pimsleur. Rating 4.0. ★★★★★. Summary. Pimsleur is one of the most popular and longest-standing resources out there for …Jul 21, 2022 · Most of the users agree that the visuals, audio content and outlook of Pimsleur is impressive. For vocabulary, they use different relevant pictures for better understanding. The interface of the web and app version are appealing enough. The listen and repeat method is supported well with the audio features of the platform. Pimsleur Language Programs Reviews. 30 • Poor. 2.6. pimsleur.com. Visit this website. Sort: Most relevant. ED. Eduardo. 1 review. MX. Jan 7, 2024. IGNORE …The Pimsleur app delivers an engaging course with audio-based lessons. The challenges in the Pimsleur Japanese course are fun and effective. Your Japanese pronunciation will skyrocket alongside your listening skills. For strong memory retention, Pimsleur Japanese uses spaced repetition. Native Japanese speakers work on every …Our Lifetime Purchase option allows you to own the Pimsleur Ukrainian Premium course. Premium contains the core 30-minute conversational lessons and is enhanced with additional interactive tools to help you review course content and get in deeper with the written language. Learn and review easily through the Pimsleur mobile app or web …Pimsleur is one of the most accurate and effective programs for learning to speak and hear a new language. Best Deal £12.95 Per Month ... Honest, Objective, Lab-Tested Reviews.CHECK OUT LANGUAGE COURSES ↓↓ Babbel: https://bit.ly/3SHCBF6 (🔥 Sale: 60% OFF / Deal Ends Soon) Pimsleur: https://bit.ly/3eFYEqO (7-Day Free Trial...Pimsleur Review. Pimsleur is an online language learning resource that focuses on assisting learners in improving their foreign language conversational abilities. Each session includes active participation, question-and-answer exercises, and listening activities. The classes encourage students to commit new words and ideas to their long …The main weakness of Pimsleur in my opinion is that it keeps repeating the phrases again and again. This can be overkill depending on your learning style. I tend to get bored when I have to repeat and I chose to delete the Pimsleur app ASAP :) If you can manage the repetitions without getting bored, Pimsleur is great.A Narrator For Explaining The Topics. One of the notable features of Pimsleur is its famous narrator for every lesson. The narrator acts as a guide in reinforcing the spaced interval learning method for you to follow. The mode of language used by the narrator is English, so it is easier for you to remember the question.Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Pimsleur at Amazon.com. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. ... Pimsleur › Customer reviews; Customer reviews. 2.4 out of 5 stars. 2.4 out of 5. 58 global ratings. 5 star 9% 4 star 25% ...This review covers the specifics of Pimsleur Greek. Pimsleur is an audio language learning course organized by level and made up of 30 minute lessons. The levels are designed to be worked through once a day lesson by lesson. Pimsleur’s method is a well researched and organized approach to language learning that uses techniques …Pimsleur Chinese (Mandarin) Levels 1-5 Premium. 150 Lessons. Digital. $575.00. I tried all of the other apps that everyone knows about and wasn't impressed at all. Thankfully I stumbled across Pimsleur, and I learned more from one free 30 minute lesson than I did from weeks of toying around with those other apps.Pimsleur is perfect for learning new hobbies or advancing in your career, on the go or in your home for 30 minutes a day. Learn a foreign language fast through Pimsleur's distance learning platform. Develop foreign language skills in Spanish, Japanese, Portuguese & beyond with our foreign language learning platform.In this Pimsleur review, we will take an in-depth look at how the program works, its advantages and disadvantages, pricing options, and overall effectiveness for language learning. The main focus will be on evaluating Pimsleur's audio-based approach to building conversation skills and pronunciation in the target language.Jul 14, 2021 · The Pimsleur Japanese lessons are effective for learning the language. It can also drastically improve your pronunciation to make you sound more natural. The lessons are very convenient to study, and their app even has a special “driving” mode to make it easier to listen to in your car. However, the amount of material they teach is very ... Pimsleur is perfect for learning new hobbies or advancing in your career, on the go or in your home for 30 minutes a day. Learn a foreign language fast through Pimsleur's distance learning platform. Develop foreign language skills in Spanish, Japanese, Portuguese & beyond with our foreign language learning platform.Pimsleur review: Method. This is an all-audio course, and it’s all about phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Save a few flashcards/interactive elements that have been added to the App, Pimsleur, basically, works by teaching sentence structures with graduated intervals that increase as you get into the course: the user …This review covers the specifics of Pimsleur Arabic. Pimsleur is an audio language learning course organized by level and made up of 30 minute lessons. The levels are designed to be worked through once a day lesson by lesson. Pimsleur’s method is a well researched and organized approach to language learning that uses techniques …Key Decision Making Criteria · User-friendliness & learning interface – Pimsleur has a very simple and clean interface. · Convenience – With Pimsleur, you can&nbs...The Pimsleur® Method is the foundation upon which every Pimsleur course is built. It’s a scientifically proven set of principles designed to take a learner directly to the heart of the language, eliminating noise, confusion, and information overload. People all over the world are using Pimsleur programs to start speaking, understanding, and ...Pimsleur review: Beginner-friendly language learning - Reviewed. Lifestyle. This language learning app is perfect for beginners. Pimsleur's approach takes intimidation out of learning....7 Reasons To Learn the Japanese Language: 1. Japan’s economy is the world’s third-largest economy: Japan is a successful nation with Asia’s most thriving economy. Japan has the world’s third-largest economy, with a nominal GDP of $5.082 trillion in 2019. Prominent Japanese corporations were amongst the world’s biggest, highly ...22 Apr 2022 ... CHECK OUT GERMAN LANGUAGE APPS ↓↓ ➡ Pimsleur: https://bit.ly/3xgJKBK (7-Day Free Trial w/ Pimsleur) ▭ ABOUT THIS VIDEO ▭ Pimsleur ...After the trial period, you can choose between Pimsleur Spanish or Pimsleur Premium Spanish monthly subscription plans. The Pimsleur Premium Spanish subscription includes everything offered by the Pimsleur Spanish including the items on the list. Pimsleur Spanish $14.95. Pimsleur Premium Spanish $19.95. 30-minute lessons.What I recommend is you look for "Trimsleur" audio which is the Pimsleur audio with all the English and long pauses removed. So, do a lesson in Pimsleur then add it's Trimsleur audio to your listening loop of comprehensible immersive audio (perhaps of the last 7 or 8 lessons which would be 1 hour of pure Japanese).Create unforgettable memories. Easy listening, rewarding results in just 30 minutes a day! Give us 30 minutes a day and we’ll have you speaking your new language in no time. That’s all it takes for you to confidently inquire about prices, order dinner, ask for (or offer) directions – in your new language – with a near-native accent. Pimsleur then deconstructs this conversation and teaches you to say the elements out loud. To help make it easier for you to fully grasp these new words, Pimsleur breaks them down syllable by syllable. An interesting point to note is that Pimsleur teaches you to start with the last syllable and work backwards when learning a new word. Pimsleur tends to focus far more on speaking and listening, with brief grammar explanations. Lessons use a narrator to set the scene, which makes it easy to remember the content that’s covered. The Pimsleur method uses a famous concept called Spaced Repetition Theory to help you circle back to review material regularly.Duolingo vs Pimsleur: Cost Comparison. On the Pimsleur app, a one-language subscription costs $19.95 per month or $20.95 per month to access all the language courses available. You can also get Lifetime access to the first level of one language for $150, two levels for $300, and five levels for $575.Keep in mind that some … Pimsleur then deconstructs this conversation and teaches you to say the elements out loud. To help make it easier for you to fully grasp these new words, Pimsleur breaks them down syllable by syllable. An interesting point to note is that Pimsleur teaches you to start with the last syllable and work backwards when learning a new word. LingQ Vs Pimsleur Review Conclusion. Briefly summarized, the Pimsleur technique is excellent for laying a strong basis for learning a foreign language. As long as you love engaging in discussions, the strategy is successful and simple to follow. Students are taught a firm foundation first. Then the additional vocabulary terms and more ...May 11, 2020 · Pimsleur is an audio-based language learning program, accessible online through its website or app. The content is divided into 30-minute lessons, and Pimsleur encourages you to complete one ... 9.3. Limited offer: Get up to 60% Off in Lifetime Subscription. Research-proven method built by 200+ language experts. Award-winning 10 minute daily language lessons. Subscriptions include access to all 14 languages offered. Massive library of bonus content: games, podcasts, videos, and more.Our Lifetime Purchase option allows you to own the Pimsleur Ukrainian Premium course. Premium contains the core 30-minute conversational lessons and is enhanced with additional interactive tools to help you review course content and get in deeper with the written language. Learn and review easily through the Pimsleur mobile app or web …Our Lifetime Purchase option allows you to own the Pimsleur Premium course. Premium contains the core 30-minute conversational lessons and is enhanced with additional interactive tools to help you review course content and get in deeper with the written language. Learn and review easily through the Pimsleur mobile app or web-based app.When it comes to deciding which mattress is right for you, reviews can be an invaluable source of information. Stern & Foster has consistently been one of the top rated mattress co...Jul 14, 2021 · The Pimsleur Japanese lessons are effective for learning the language. It can also drastically improve your pronunciation to make you sound more natural. The lessons are very convenient to study, and their app even has a special “driving” mode to make it easier to listen to in your car. However, the amount of material they teach is very ... 9.3. Limited offer: Get up to 60% Off in Lifetime Subscription. Research-proven method built by 200+ language experts. Award-winning 10 minute daily language lessons. Subscriptions include access to all 14 languages offered. Massive library of bonus content: games, podcasts, videos, and more.Key takeaways: Pimsleur focuses on listening and speaking skills, promoting conversational fluency and natural pronunciation. The method uses spaced …When it comes to researching a company, customer reviews are an invaluable resource. The Better Business Bureau (BBB) is one of the most trusted sources for customer reviews, and i...The Pimsleur method kicks off with a strong focus on conversational skills, ensuring that from your very first lesson, you're building the ability to speak and understand common phrases.May 11, 2020 · Pimsleur is an audio-based language learning program, accessible online through its website or app. The content is divided into 30-minute lessons, and Pimsleur encourages you to complete one ... About the Pimsleur Method™ . First devised nearly 50 years ago, the Pimsleur Method is the foundation for every course within the program. Dr. Paul Pimsleur, an esteemed linguists professor and researcher, discovered that the way to rapidly learn a new language is by hearing the language used in everyday situations and interacting with it so it easily sticks in your mind. 26 Jul 2019 ... Three: Conversation-Based Lessons. This is perhaps my favorite aspect of learning German with Pimsleur. Every word, phrase, and concept is ...Aug 23, 2023 · Pimsleur is one of the most accurate and effective programs for learning to speak and hear a new language. Best Deal £12.95 Per Month ... Honest, Objective, Lab-Tested Reviews. The Pimsleur German subscription costs around $20 per month, which isn’t crazy, but definitely not as cheap as Babbel, Rosetta Stone, or Mondly, for example. The subscriptions from those three companies are more so in the $5 to $15 per month range. On the other hand, the Pimsleur subscription is more affordable than Rocket German or …Jul 14, 2021 · The Pimsleur Japanese lessons are effective for learning the language. It can also drastically improve your pronunciation to make you sound more natural. The lessons are very convenient to study, and their app even has a special “driving” mode to make it easier to listen to in your car. However, the amount of material they teach is very ... This review covers the specifics of Pimsleur Hebrew. Pimsleur is an audio language learning course organized by level and made up of 30 minute lessons. The levels are designed to be worked through once a day lesson by lesson. Pimsleur’s method is a well researched and organized approach to language learning that uses techniques …Laserjet printers make it easy to get all of your work accomplished in the office or at home. Check out these best reviewed laserjet printers, and pick the perfect printer for your...Pimsleur’s European Portuguese is a popular audio-based course that covers the very basics of Portuguese. It’s ideal for dedicated tourists or those who are just getting started in European Portuguese and want something to build their confidence. Previously Pimsleur was sold in MP3 or CD-format, but now all of their courses are accessible ... About the Pimsleur Method™ . First devised nearly 50 years ago, the Pimsleur Method is the foundation for every course within the program. Dr. Paul Pimsleur, an esteemed linguists professor and researcher, discovered that the way to rapidly learn a new language is by hearing the language used in everyday situations and interacting with it so it easily sticks in your mind. 7 Reasons To Learn the Japanese Language: 1. Japan’s economy is the world’s third-largest economy: Japan is a successful nation with Asia’s most thriving economy. Japan has the world’s third-largest economy, with a nominal GDP of $5.082 trillion in 2019. Prominent Japanese corporations were amongst the world’s biggest, highly ...Nov 14, 2023 · In this Pimsleur review, we will take an in-depth look at how the program works, its advantages and disadvantages, pricing options, and overall effectiveness for language learning. The main focus will be on evaluating Pimsleur's audio-based approach to building conversation skills and pronunciation in the target language. Pimsleur is one of the most accurate and effective programs for learning to speak and hear a new language. Best Deal £12.95 Per Month ... Honest, Objective, Lab-Tested Reviews.Pimsleur method is a world famous language learning technique created by Dr.Paul Pimsleur (also called as “Einstein of learning languages”) over 50 years ago (1928-1976). He saw that many people struggled to learn languages at school with old and boring methods. Students were trying to memorize grammar rules and force to learn somehow.The news from your HVAC repairman that you need a new furnace is definitely not a welcome experience. Use this guide to find the top reviewed Bryant furnaces when replacing your fu...In this Pimsleur review, I’ll show you everything you need to know about the app. From its features and pricing to Pimsleur alternatives and frequently asked questions, I try to …Premium contains the core 30-minute conversational lessons and is enhanced with additional interactive tools to help you review course content and get in deeper ...Norway is one of the most beautiful places in the world, and a cruise through its fjords is an unforgettable experience. But what do people who have taken such a cruise really thin...Pimsleur’s European Portuguese is a popular audio-based course that covers the very basics of Portuguese. It’s ideal for dedicated tourists or those who are just getting started in European Portuguese and want something to build their confidence. Previously Pimsleur was sold in MP3 or CD-format, but now all of their courses are accessible ...The Pimsleur method, named after Dr. Paul Pimsleur, is an audio-based language learning approach that utilizes the principles of spaced repetition and anticipation to facilitate language acquisition. With Pimsleur, learners engage in immersive audio lessons featuring an English-speaking narrator who guides them through prompts and conversations ... Review. Pimsleur is almost entirely an audio-based learning experience, with a handful of short reading lessons to accompany the main part of the course. Developed by Paul Pimsleur, this language learning course is based on four central ideas: anticipation, graduated interval recall, organic learning and core vocabulary. The Pimsleur method, named after Dr. Paul Pimsleur, is an audio-based language learning approach that utilizes the principles of spaced repetition and anticipation to facilitate language acquisition. With Pimsleur, learners engage in immersive audio lessons featuring an English-speaking narrator who guides them through prompts and conversations ...The Pimsleur French audio lessons are very effective. Each drill or exercise takes right around 3 to 8 minutes complete. Thus, in total, with a half dozen or so of these drills per lesson, you’re looking at around an hour to complete the full Pimsleur lesson – that is, the audio portion plus all the reinforcement drills.. Plus, one of the cool things with …Summary. Pimsleur is one of the most popular and longest-standing resources out there for learning a foreign language. Its courses place a strong emphasis on aural and verbal communication skills, which is ideal for Korean learners who want to start speaking quickly. Quality 4.5. ★★★★.If you’re one of those asking if Pimsleur works for various kinds of learners, or if Pimsleur is worth its price tag, this Pimsleur review is for you. In …After the trial period, you can choose between Pimsleur Spanish or Pimsleur Premium Spanish monthly subscription plans. The Pimsleur Premium Spanish subscription includes everything offered by the Pimsleur Spanish including the items on the list. Pimsleur Spanish $14.95. Pimsleur Premium Spanish $19.95. 30-minute lessons.Pimsleur Language Programs Reviews. 30 • Poor. 2.6. pimsleur.com. Visit this website. Sort: Most relevant. ED. Eduardo. 1 review. MX. Jan 7, 2024. IGNORE …Seems like a company run by incompetent amateurs. The Pimsleur organisation appears to be suffering with the employment of substandard amateurs. The audio is terrible, in that it's very woolly, with the treble content diminished - like listening to the sound through a thick blanket. Consequently, it lacks clarity.May 11, 2020 · Pimsleur is an audio-based language learning program, accessible online through its website or app. The content is divided into 30-minute lessons, and Pimsleur encourages you to complete one ... TLDR: Pimsleur is good if you are an active learner who can stick to daily lessons on a schedule. It teaches 85% grammar and the rest is vocab and pronunciation. ... This review expresses exactly my experience with Pimeur Russian I-III and Portuguese I-III I will also add that, since it is a primarily verbal experience, I found my accent is ...Engage in a complimentary online language learning session in 51 languages. Witness our track record of empowering individuals in mastering Spanish and various other languages! Learn a new language with …Aug 23, 2023 · Pimsleur is one of the most accurate and effective programs for learning to speak and hear a new language. Best Deal £12.95 Per Month ... Honest, Objective, Lab-Tested Reviews. 1 Jan 2024 ... Reviews ethics statement. Shelby Brown Editor II ... Pimsleur is an app that offers 51 languages ... Reviews · Best Products · Gift Guide · Shop...What I found was that Pimsleur’s audio content is top notch and effective for beginners, but that the program relies too heavily on English, …January 10, 2024 • Fact checked by Dumb Little Man. Pimsleur is one of the most popular foreign language learning audio programs. It is one of the oldest language learning programs (second perhaps to only Rosetta Stone). There are 50 languages in this program. You can use Pimsleur app to learn any of the 50 languages.Pimsleur offers monthly plans ranging from $19.95 a month for a single language to $20.95 a month for all audio lessons in 50+ languages on their platform. There’s also an annual plan available for $164.95 a year that also gives you full access to all languages on the platform.If you’re looking for a new kitchen stove, you’re in luck – there are plenty of options available on sale right now. However, with so many different types and models to choose from...Jan 3, 2024 · If you stack this pricing structure up against Pimsleur’s main rivals Rosetta Stone and Babbel, Pimsleur is more expensive by around $5 to $10 per month on average. So overall, Pimsleur isn’t the cheapest Spanish program out there; however, in the grand scheme of things, it’s still relatively affordable. Nov 30, 2020 · Pimsleur Premium is for anyone who enjoys the audio-focused Pimsleur method of learning a language and wants to reinforce what they've learned with app-based activities. MSRP $19.95. All Access ... Price: Free to download, $24.99 a year for AnkiApp Unlimited. AnkiApp is all about spaced repetition. It’s kind of AnkiApp’s thing. Rather than being focused exclusively on language education, AnkiApp is actually a flashcard app that uses spaced repetition to help users learn whatever material they’re studying.What's Included? The program is audio-based and comes as a digital download with a mobile app. The Pimsleur Method has been employed by the FBI, the Marine ...Aug 11, 2021 · In this Pimsleur review, I’ll show you everything you need to know about the app. From its features and pricing to Pimsleur alternatives and frequently asked questions, I try to cover everything. You’ll be able to decide if Pimsleur is worth a try after reading this review. Pimsleur is pricey considering its drawbacks but with the limited selection of Cantonese learning materials available, this still ranks as one of the better ones. 4 people found this helpful. Helpful. Report Joel Patrick Llosa. 4.0 out of 5 stars Speaking cantonese made ...A blog post that shares the author's experience and opinion of using Pimsleur, an audio based language learning course. It covers the pros and cons …
May 5, 2013 · Babbel’s Review Section. Similar to Pimsleur, Babbel also has a review section where you can practice your new learned language skills with flash cards, as well as speaking and writing exercises. But while this is more of an add-on with Pimsleur, in Babbel it’s an integrated part of your learning routine. . Verizon insurance plans
Pimsleur language courses are available for 51 languages, so you can learn Japanese, Spanish, French, Italian, German, Chinese Mandarin, Korean, Norwegian, Hebrew, Tagalog, Hindi, Arabic, Portuguese, Russian and English. Pimsleur also integrates beautifully with the Amazon Alexa for working through lessons at home. TRY IT FREE: Download the app ...Pimsleur review: Method. This is an all-audio course, and it’s all about phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Save a few flashcards/interactive elements that have been added to the App, Pimsleur, basically, works by teaching sentence structures with graduated intervals that increase as you get into the course: the user …Our Lifetime Purchase option allows you to own the Pimsleur French Premium course. Premium contains the core 30-minute conversational lessons and is enhanced with additional interactive tools to help you review course content and get in deeper with the written language. Learn and review easily through the Pimsleur mobile app or web …When it comes to buying a new washer, you want to make sure you’re getting the best product for your money. The Whirlpool Cabrio Washer is one of the most popular models on the mar...About Pimsleur French Language Learning App. Pimsleur courses push the learners out of their comfort zone and help them start a real-time French language journey via spaced repetition system.The core of the course is the Pimsleur method, which helps the long-term retention of new vocabulary words, French phonetics, and grammar through …Pimsleur: My Secret Weapon to Quickly Learn a New Language. Product Reviews Dec 3, 2018 By Josh Bender. Native English speakers like you and me have it ...The Pimsleur method kicks off with a strong focus on conversational skills, ensuring that from your very first lesson, you're building the ability to speak and understand common phrases.Pimsleur Language Programs Reviews. 30 • Poor. 2.6. pimsleur.com. Visit this website. Sort: Most relevant. ED. Eduardo. 1 review. MX. Jan 7, 2024. IGNORE …Sep 12, 2023 · Welcome to our Pimsleur review, where we’ll take a look at one of the most efficient apps on the market. 5. Excellent. SPECIFICATIONS. Conversation-based learning. Graduated interval recall system. Large selection of languages. Online and offline lessons. Starts at $14.95/month. 13 Apr 2023 ... Pimsleur is a language-learning system developed by Dr. Paul Pimsleur in the 1960s. It consists of audio lessons that aim to teach ...Pimsleur is named for Dr. Paul Pimsleur, an applied linguist who died in 1976. ... Honest, Objective, Lab-Tested Reviews. PCMag.com is a leading authority on technology, delivering lab-based ...No, and a linguistics professor - Dr. Paul Pimsleur - knows that, creating the Pimsleur method where you listen to French right away in each lesson you take. After the lesson, you can practice speaking, reading, and writing to fortify your new knowledge. Learn French in 30 minutes each day.Pimsleur Arabic. Dialects: Levantine, Egyptian and Modern Standard. Cost: $14.95 a month subscription (or $119.95 per level) Summary: Pimsleur’s a household name that’s been around for many decades and earned its reputation as one of the best courses for Arabic (and other languages). It’s 100% audio and the entire course involves spaced ...The primary differences between Babbel and Pimsleur boil down to lesson length and format. Pimsleur’s lessons are longer and emphasize more audio exercises, whereas Babbel’s lessons are shorter and rely more on quick-hit drills. Our in-depth comparison of the language learning programs from Pimsleur and Babbel.Reviews for Heat & Glo fireplaces are generally positive, although there are many different models and series with varying reviews. There are several consumer review websites like ...Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Pimsleur at Amazon.com. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. ... Pimsleur › Customer reviews; Customer reviews. 2.4 out of 5 stars. 2.4 out of 5. 58 global ratings. 5 star 9% 4 star 25% ...Turkish. Twi. Ukrainian. Urdu. Vietnamese. English (ESL) Time-tested solution.”. —Stephanie Rosenbloom, The New York Times. Try your first 30-minute Pimsleur lesson for free.In this Pimsleur review, we will take an in-depth look at how the program works, its advantages and disadvantages, pricing options, and overall effectiveness for language learning. The main focus will be on evaluating Pimsleur's audio-based approach to building conversation skills and pronunciation in the target language.The primary differences between Babbel and Pimsleur boil down to lesson length and format. Pimsleur’s lessons are longer and emphasize more audio exercises, whereas Babbel’s lessons are shorter and rely more on quick-hit drills. Our in-depth comparison of the language learning programs from Pimsleur and Babbel.22 Apr 2022 ... CHECK OUT GERMAN LANGUAGE APPS ↓↓ ➡ Pimsleur: https://bit.ly/3xgJKBK (7-Day Free Trial w/ Pimsleur) ▭ ABOUT THIS VIDEO ▭ Pimsleur ....